英語(yǔ)中被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)句式的基本結(jié)構(gòu)是什么被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的基本結(jié)構(gòu)和用法英語(yǔ)中及物動(dòng)詞有兩種語(yǔ)態(tài)，即主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)和被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài) 。主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)表示主語(yǔ)是動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)表示主語(yǔ)是動(dòng)作的承受者 。被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)由“助動(dòng)詞be+及物動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞”構(gòu)成 。助動(dòng)詞be有人稱、時(shí)態(tài)和數(shù)的變化 。一、被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的用法: 1.一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)構(gòu)成:is / am / are + 及物動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞 Our classroom is cleaned everyday. I am asked to study hard. Knives are used for cutting things. 2.一般過(guò)去時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)構(gòu)成:was / were + 及物動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞 A new shop was built last year. Dinosaur eggs were laid long long ago. 3.現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)構(gòu)成:has / have + been + 及物動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞 This book has been translated into many languages. Many man-made satellites have been sent up into space by many countries. 4.一般將來(lái)時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)構(gòu)成:will+ be + 及物動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞 A new hospital will be built in our city. Many more trees will be planted next year. 5.含有情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)構(gòu)成:情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+ be + 及物動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞 Young trees must be watered often. Your mistakes should be corrected right now. The door may be locked inside. Your homework can be handed in tomorrow. 6.現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)構(gòu)成:am / is / are + being + 及物動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞 Uncle Wang is mending my bike now.→ My bike is being repaired by Tom now. They are planting trees over there. → Trees are being planted over there by them. 7.不定式的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài):to + be + 及物動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞 There are two books to be read. → There are twenty more trees to be planted. 二、怎樣把主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)改成被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)? 把主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)改為被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)非常簡(jiǎn)單，可以遵循以下幾個(gè)步驟: 1.先找出謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞; 2.再找出謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞后的賓語(yǔ); 3.把賓語(yǔ)用作被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)中的主語(yǔ); 4.注意人稱、時(shí)態(tài)和數(shù)的變化 。例:1. Bruce writes a letter every week. →A letter is written by Bruce every week. 2. Li Lei mended the broken bike this morning.→The broken bike was mended by Li Lei this morning. 3.He has written two novels so far.→Two novels have been written by him so far. 4.They will plant ten trees tomorrow.→Ten trees will be planted by them tomorrow. 5.Lucy is writing a letter now.→A letter is being written by Lucy now. 6.You must lock the door when you leave.→the door must be locked when you leave. 三、使用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)應(yīng)注意的幾個(gè)問(wèn)題: 1.不及物動(dòng)詞無(wú)被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài) 。What will happen in 100 years. The dinosaurs disappeared a

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