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阿布扎比國家石油公司(Abu Dhabi National Oil Company)周一宣布，將在其下游工業(yè)中心Ruwais開發(fā)一個1000千噸的藍色氨設(shè)施。
但是，藍色氨是什么?它在阿聯(lián)酋快速發(fā)展的氫戰(zhàn)略中又扮演了什么角色?
什么是氨?
氨是一種對全球化肥工業(yè)很重要的化合物。它由氮和氫組成，由一個氮分子和三個氫分子組成。
除肥料外，氨還具有多種其他用途-用于制藥，紡織品，清潔產(chǎn)品和廢水處理。根據(jù)《 2021年氨市場報告》，去年氨生產(chǎn)的市場價值為728億美元，利潤豐厚。
氨是如何制造的?
氨是一種無機化合物，是指不含碳和氫的化學(xué)物質(zhì) 。它是通過氫氣和氮氣在450攝氏度的高壓下發(fā)生化學(xué)反應(yīng)而產(chǎn)生的。該過程耗能高-氨氣生產(chǎn)占全球能耗的2%和碳排放的3% 。這一過程還消耗了全球多達5%的天然氣。
什么是藍色氨?
藍氨是采用蒸汽甲烷重整技術(shù)生產(chǎn)化合物的低碳方法。氫首先是作為二氧化碳的副產(chǎn)品而產(chǎn)生的，二氧化碳已被捕獲和儲存。然后將其與氮氣混合以產(chǎn)生氨。
綠氨也可以通過可再生能源驅(qū)動的電解來生產(chǎn) 。氨氣生產(chǎn)的脫碳是到2050年全球向凈零排放過渡的重要組成部分。
它在氫經(jīng)濟中扮演什么角色?
隨著人們對氫燃料的興趣激增，氨已成為一種易于運輸?shù)膬Υ娣绞?。氫氣是一種無碳排放的清潔燃燒的燃料，可通過將氨轉(zhuǎn)化為氣體而用于汽車燃料電池等應(yīng)用中。
隨著對海灣國家發(fā)展藍色和綠色氫的投資大量涌入，以這種方式產(chǎn)生的氨可能成為未來可行的燃料來源。
藍氨被視為用于工業(yè)加熱，重型道路運輸和航運的有用燃料。
原文閱讀：
Abu Dhabi National Oil Company announced the development of a 1,000-kilotonne blue ammonia facility at its downstream industrial hub of Ruwais on Monday.
But what is blue ammonia and what role does it have in the UAE's rapidly-evolving hydrogen strategy?
What is ammonia?
Ammonia is a chemical compound that is important to the global fertiliser industry. It consists of nitrogen and hydrogen and is formed with one molecule of the former and three of the latter.
Apart from fertilisers, ammonia has a variety of other uses - in pharmaceuticals, textiles, cleaning products and for wastewater treatment. The production of ammonia is a lucrative market valued at $72.8 billion last year, according to the Ammonia Market 2021 report.
How is ammonia manufactured?
Ammonia is an inorganic compound, which is a term for chemicals that do not contain both carbon and hydrogen. It is produced through a chemical reaction between hydrogen and nitrogen at high pressure and temperatures of 450 degrees Celsius. The process is highly energy-intensive - ammonia production accounts for up to 2 per cent of energy consumption and 3 per cent of carbon emissions worldwide. The process also uses up to 5 per cent of global gas consumption.
What is blue ammonia?
Blue ammonia is a low-carbon method of producing the chemical compound, using steam methane reformation. Hydrogen is first derived as a byproduct of carbon dioxide, which has been captured and stored. It is then combined with nitrogen to produce ammonia.
Green ammonia can also be produced through electrolysis powered by renewable energy. The decarbonisation of ammonia production is an integral part of the global transition to net-zero emissions by 2050.
What role does it play in the hydrogen economy?
With the surge of interest in hydrogen as a fuel, ammonia has become an easily transportable way to store it. Hydrogen, a clean-burning fuel with no carbon emissions, can be obtained by reconverting ammonia into the gas to use in applications such as fuel cells for cars.

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什么是藍色氨？氨氣在氫經(jīng)濟中扮演著什么角色？